This war has put india-China relations in the freezer. The thaw only began when then-Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi visited Beijing in 1988. Nevertheless, it is a considerable ice between India and China. The border is not the only point of contention between the two countries. China disapproves of India`s admission of Tibetan refugees and their exiled leader, the Dalai Lama. Article X The Special Representatives on the Border Question are seriously pursuing their consultations with a view to reaching an agreed framework for a border settlement that will serve as a basis for the demarcation and demarcation of the Indochinese border, which will then be carried out by civil and military officials and inspectors on both sides. Article XI This Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its signature and may be amended and supplemented by a mutual unilateral written agreement between the two Parties. Signed in two original copies at New Delhi on 11 April 2005 in Hindi, Chinese and English, all three texts being equally authentic. In case of discrepancy, the English text will prevail.
For the Government of the Republic of India For the Government of the People`s Republic of China New Delhi April 11, 2005 More than 1000 LAC violations without causation between 2016-2018 The term “LAC” was legally recognized in the Sino-Indian agreements signed in 1993 and 1996. The 1996 agreement states: “No activity of either party shall exceed the limit of effective control.” [8] However, clause 6 of the 1993 Agreement on the Maintenance of Peace and Tranquillity Along the Line of Effective Control in the Indochinese Border Areas states: “Both parties agree that references to the actual Line of Control in this Agreement do not affect their respective positions on the border issue. [9] Article 10 of the Agreement referred to the exchange of cards between the two countries. Initially, there had been some progress in card exchange. India and China exchanged cards from the Barahoti sector in the second half of 2000. In June 2001, the Indian and Chinese sides held the first in-depth discussion on LAC in Sector Central. [36] Sikkim cards were also exchanged. [37] This resulted in the “Memorandum on Border Trade Development.” [37] [38] However, when maps of other sectors were exchanged, particularly the western sector,[39][40][41] perceptions varied greatly to such an extent that the process stopped around 2002/2003. [42] [43] In July 2020, China`s ambassador to India said Beijing was not interested in continuing the card exchange process, which was halted in 2002. [44] One of the drawbacks of the card exchange process was that it “encouraged exaggeration of their assertions about lac`s whereabouts.” [45] In addition to the 1996 agreement, Dr.
Jaishankar also refers to the 2005 agreement. The term “real line of control” was reportedly used by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai in a note to Indian Premier Jawaharlal Nehru in 1959. [2] The demarcation existed as an informal armistice line between India and China after the Sino-Indian War from 1962 to 1993, when its existence was officially accepted in a bilateral agreement as a “real line of control”. [5] The agreement was signed in New Delhi during a state visit by the Chinese president. This was the first visit by a Chinese president to India. [35] The agreement was opened by a reference to the five principles of peaceful coexistence and the 1993 agreement. [3] The twelve articles make it clear that the agreement is a non-war agreement, that the final solution to the border issue remains in place and that the LAC must be respected. It states that military deployment should be limited and details on how to deal with military exercises, air intrusions, overflights and landings of military aircraft near the LAC. It aims to prevent “dangerous military activities” in the vicinity of LAC, covers confidence-building measures such as “flag meetings and telecommunications” and deals with the accidental crossing of LAC. It reiterates that clarification may be sought with regard to the Agreement and LAC, as well as ratification issues. The agreement recognises that there are different perceptions in certain areas along the LAC. [4] [3] Regarding the india-China border issue, the two countries reaffirmed the need to maintain peace at the border and continue the implementation of previously signed agreements after the final resolution of border issues is still pending.
According to various media reports, there was no shooting between Indian and Chinese soldiers during the clash and the fight was physical in which the Chinese allegedly used stones and metal batons to attack. Although there was no official explanation from China, it is estimated that there were also several victims on their side. Articles VII and VIII of the 2013 Agreement on Cooperation in Border Management reaffirm the aspects highlighted in the 1996 Memorandum of Understanding with regard to the response to the non-agreement on border alignment in the event of a personal situation, i.e. exercise restraint and explore diplomatic solutions. For the first time in more than four decades, twenty Indian soldiers have lost their lives in a clash along the LAC on the Sino-Indian border. The number of Chinese victims is not known. It has been reported that it is a long-standing practice not to use firearms in border disputes along the LAC. What are these agreements? In his tweet, Dr.
Jaishankar referred to the Indochinese agreements of 1996 and 2005. . .